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Description / Abstract:
Introduction
Today's healthcare accreditation processes are conducted with a
focus on the safety and quality of patient care. Sterilization and
high-level disinfection (HLD) in healthcare facilities is a major
focus of the accreditation survey process.
Various agencies and professional organizations perform
accreditation surveys to evaluate healthcare facilities and the
healthcare professionals practicing in those facilities. During the
accreditation process, surveyors assess competency, ethics, and
practices to verify that current published standards are being met.
If a facility meets all the necessary requirements and is
appropriately qualified, it passes the survey and is awarded a
certification. The accreditation process, procedures, and
requirements for certification vary depending on the accrediting
organization and the type of facility (e.g., hospital, medical
center, ambulatory care facility, physician's office, home care
provider, medical laboratory).
Accreditation is a means of peer review by professionals (e.g.,
administrators, physicians, nurses, engineers) and is aimed at high
standards that usually exceed state and federal requirements.
Accreditation is a universally accepted means of enhancing the
quality of healthcare. Many private insurers require accreditation
as a condition of reimbursement. To qualify for federal funding for
patients in Medicare and Medicaid programs, healthcare facilities
must demonstrate that they comply with the government's hospital
Conditions of Participation (CoP).
One of the key advantages of accreditation is the structure that
is provided for improvement of performance and safety. When there
is the expectation of the measurement of performance and safety by
an accrediting organization, conformance to standards and
recommended practices becomes more important to healthcare
facilities. Recognized standards and recommended practices are
built on sound principles, scientific research and data, and the
opinions of experts in the field. Following these best practices
helps to ensure the quality and safety of patient care. In
addition, reimbursement is affected by accreditation or lack of
accreditation; therefore, lack of accreditation can put a facility
out of business.
In recent years, there has been an increased focus on infection
prevention in healthcare. Healthcare professionals have increased
their efforts to reduce healthcare-associated infections (HAIs),
particularly surgical site infections (SSIs). The Joint
Commission's (TJC's) National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs) and
national initiatives by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) and other organizations to reduce HAIs are two
examples of why sterilization and HLD are under the spotlight with
accreditation agencies. In addition, both TJC and the Centers for
Medicare Medicaid Services (CMS) have clarified their
expectations regarding sterile processing in health care
facilities.1,2
This guidance document covers accreditation standards that
pertain to sterilization and HLD in healthcare facilities, as well
as the nationally accepted standards and recommended practices that
constitute best practices in reprocessing. Accreditation by TJC and
CMS will be covered in some depth. Accreditation programs focusing
on ambulatory care facilities and sponsored by the American
Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities
(AAAASF) and the Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health
Care (AAAHC) will also be discussed, as well as the accreditation
programs of the Accreditation Commission for Health Care (ACHC),
the American Osteopathic Association/Healthcare Facilities
Accreditation Program (AOA/HFAP), the Community Health
Accreditation Program (CHAP), and DNV Healthcare and the role of
state health departments.